The righteous mind: why good people are divided by politics and religion
19 August 2012
An engrossing, important book.
This is really three books. For me, the first is the most important, for it spells out clearly and distinctly the arguments that many of us cognitive scientists have been making in the past few years: emotions first, reasoning second. More and more, we are learning that people make rapid, subconscious decisions, driven by past experience, driven by quick (and often shallow) surface features and analyses, and by emotions. Then, afterwards, their reflective systems chime in, offering reasons and logic long after the decision has been made. We reason, goes the new approach in order to justify our decisions to ourselves - that is, to our conscious selves. Our subconscious needs no rationalization. The second book lays out six basic dimensions of morality, common to all peoples, says Haidt. Differences arise because different people, cultures, and societies weight the dimensions very differently. Book three applies these analyses to the domain of religion and politics.