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Karenia brevis is an opportunistic species, capable of utilizing complex and multiple nutrient sources." desc="Karenia brevis is an opportunistic species, capable of utilizing complex and multiple nutrient sources." /> Karenia brevis, the Florida red tide dinoflagellate off the coast of Jacksonville, Florida.  When K. brevis cells are present in high concentrations, they can discolor the water." desc="A bloom Karenia brevis, the Florida red tide dinoflagellate off the coast of Jacksonville, Florida.  When K. brevis cells are present in high concentrations, they can discolor the water." />

eNEWSLETTER

• IAN\'s social media presence

IAN is having a social media frenzy! We have fully embraced social media, and are now active on <a class="www.facebook.com/pages/Cambridge-MD/Integration-Application-Network/87061199076?ref=nf" target="_blank">facebook</a>, <a class="twitter.com/IanEcoCheck" target="_blank">twitter</a>, <a class="pinterest.com/ianumces/" target="_blank">pinterest</a>, <a class="www.youtube.com/user/IanEcoCheck/" target="_blank">youtube</a>, and our <a class="ian.umces.edu/blog/">IAN blog</a>. Check out our facebook likes and check-ins, our media tweets, our pinterest photos and diagrams, and our youtube seminar videos. <a class="twitter.com/BillCDennison" target="_blank">Bill Dennison</a> has started his own twitter account, and he and <a class="twitter.com/WilliamNuttle1" target="_blank">Bill Nuttle</a> will be blogging together on the IAN website. Feel free to post your pictures and articles on our facebook page. Tweet us if you see a cool Chesapeake Bay photo or infographic. Or just share your thoughts with us on science communication. We\'re excited to connect with you virtually as well as in person!

', WIDTH, 630, LEFT, true, FONTSIZE, '0.8em', FONTCOLOR, '#000000')">IAN's social media presence

Submit your photos by March 15th and you could win $250.

The 2nd Annual Chesapeake Bay Report Card Photo Contest
Do you have great photos from around the Bay? We want to see them! Your photo could be on the cover of the 2012 <a class="ian.umces.edu/ecocheck/report-cards/chesapeake-bay/">Chesapeake Bay Report Card</a>. Last year was memorable for the hot, dry summer, Hurricane Sandy late in the year, and, of course, your experiences on and around the Bay. <a class="ian.umces.edu/ecocheck/photo-competition/">Submit your photos</a> from 2012 weather events, water quality monitoring, or that monster fish that you caught, by March 15th and you could win $250, your photo on the cover of the report card, inclusion in the 2014 IAN calendar, and have your framed photo hang in the <a class="ian.umces.edu/annapolis/">UMCES Annapolis Office</a>. Like us on <a class="www.facebook.com/pages/Cambridge-MD/Integration-Application-Network/87061199076?ref=nf" target="_blank">Facebook</a> and watch as we share the winners and runners up from last year.

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', WIDTH, 630, LEFT, true, FONTSIZE, '0.8em', FONTCOLOR, '#000000')">The 2nd Annual Chesapeake Bay Report Card Photo Contest

Assateague Island is Changing brochure.

Red Tides of the West Florida Shelf: Science and Management newsletter.

Red Tides of the West Florida Shelf: Science and Management
<em>Karenia brevis</em> is a toxic dinoflagellate that blooms almost annually off the west coast of Florida. This <a class="ian.umces.edu/press/newsletters/publication/394/red_tides_of_the_west_florida_shelf_science_and_management_2013-02-04/">newsletter</a> and supporting <a class="ian.umces.edu/press/brochures/publication/393/red_tides_on_the_west_florida_shelf_2013-02-04/">fact sheet</a> highlight the results of the NOAA ECOHAB: <em>Karenia</em> nutrient dynamics in the eastern Gulf of Mexico project; a five year, multi-institutional research program designed to utilize scientific expertise in a collaborative laboratory, field, and modeling program. The study aimed to identify the diverse interannual physical, chemical, and biological conditions that are responsible for <em>K. brevis</em> blooms on the west Florida shelf, with a specific aim of identifying and quantifying nutrient sources supporting <em>K. brevis</em> blooms.

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', WIDTH, 630, LEFT, true, FONTSIZE, '0.8em', FONTCOLOR, '#000000')">Red Tides of the West Florida Shelf: Science and Management

Johnson Bay sub-watershed land, soil, sediments, nitrate and stream water quality monitoring stations.

Elucidating terrestrial nutrient sources to Chincoteague Bay
A paper on the nutrient sources for Chincoteague Bay was published in the journal <em>Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science</em>, co-authored by various present and former IAN, Horn Point Laboratory, and Maryland Coastal Bays scientists. The paper revealed increasing terrestrial nutrient loadings to Chincoteague Bay, which helps explain the water quality degradation that had been noted in the IAN Press book <em>Shifting Sands: Environmental and cultural change in Maryland\'s Coastal Bays</em>. In short, Chincoteague Bay is becoming more like the eutrophied Delaware Inland Bays to the north and less like the relatively unimpacted Virginia seaside bays to the south.

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', WIDTH, 630, LEFT, true, FONTSIZE, '0.8em', FONTCOLOR, '#000000')">Elucidating terrestrial nutrient sources to Chincoteague Bay

Journal Articles

• Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science (2013)

  Long-term non-linear ecosystem-scale changes in water quality and biotic communities in coastal lagoons have been associated with intensification of anthropogenic pressures. In light of incipient changes in Johnson Bay (an embayment of Chincoteague Bay, Maryland-Virginia, USA), examination of nitrogen sources was conducted through synoptic water quality monitoring, stable nitrogen isotope signatures (deltaN-15) of in situ bioindicators, and denitrification estimates. These data were placed in the context of long-term and broader spatial analyses. Despite various watershed protection efforts, multiyear summer time studies (2004-2007) suggested that high levels of terrestrially derived nutrients still enter Johnson Bay. Total nitrogen concentrations in Johnson Bay were 132% the concentrations in the broader Chincoteague Bay during the late 1970s (mean 2004-2007 was 40.0 - 73.2 µM). Comparing total nitrogen concentrations in Johnson Bay to St. Martin River (consistently the most eutrophic region of these coastal bays), Johnson Bay has increased from 62.5% to 82.5% of the concentrations in St. Martin River during the late 1970s. Though specific sources of nitrogen inputs have not yet been definitively identified, the long-term increase in total nitrogen concentrations occurred despite increased and continued conservation and protection measures. We suggest that investigating nutrient sources can reveal potentially ineffective nutrient policies and that this knowledge can be applied towards other coastal lagoons.

  ', WIDTH, 630, LEFT, true, FONTSIZE, '0.8em', FONTCOLOR, '#000000', PADDING, 10)">Elucidating terrestrial nutrient sources to a coastal lagoon, Chincoteague Bay, Maryland, USA
• Journal of Coastal Research (2013)

  Anthropogenic nitrogen contributes to water quality degradation, but it is difficult to distinguish sources once they are mixed in coastal ecosystems. Natural abundances of stable nitrogen isotopes (deltaN-15) were measured in oyster (Crassostrea virginica) tissues (muscle, gills, and mantle) during summer 2006 to summer 2008 to identify nitrogen sources in Monie Bay (a subestuary of Chesapeake Bay) receiving freshwater inputs from three tributary creeks. The creeks (estimated flushing times: 3.5, 5.7, and 37.2 d) vary in size and potential nitrogen sources: septic systems and poultry operations (Monie Creek), crop fertilizer (Little Monie Creek), and wetlands, forest, or both (Little Creek). Grand mean oyster tissue deltaN-15 values (11.8 ± 0.4‰ in muscle, 10.4 ± 0.4‰ in gills, and 10.5 ± 0.3‰ in mantle) indicated a mixture of human and animal sources. Potential nitrogen loss from denitrification (15.1–24.5%) likely did not substantially modify isotopic values, and deltaN-15 values were greater than would be expected from atmospheric sources, refuting these alternative explanations. Though dilute, spatial patterns supported the inference that human waste, poultry waste, or both entered Monie Bay from its watershed and the adjacent Wicomico River watershed (via mixing). Calculated nitrogen generation from poultry manure in the watershed (containing 2.5 x 10ˆ3 people) was 2.9 x 10ˆ4 to 1.0 x 10ˆ6 kg of total nitrogen (TN) per year (equivalent to 6.8 x 10ˆ3–2.3 x 10ˆ5 people), whereas throughout Delmarva Peninsula (containing 1.2 x 10ˆ6 people) it was 3.9 x 10ˆ6 to 1.3 x 10ˆ8 kg TN yˆ1 (equivalent to 9.0 x 10ˆ5–3.1 x 10ˆ8 people). Conservatively estimated (based on 0.038 kg chickenˆ-1 yˆ-1), poultry in the Monie Bay watershed generated an amount of nitrogen equivalent to that generated by 263% of the human population. Throughout Delmarva Peninsula, poultry generated an amount of nitrogen equivalent to that generated by 76% of the human population. Estuaries commonly receive nutrients from both inside and outside their watersheds, and oyster deltaN-15 values elucidated this process locally.

  ', WIDTH, 630, LEFT, true, FONTSIZE, '0.8em', FONTCOLOR, '#000000', PADDING, 10)">Oyster deltaN-15 as a Bioindicator of Potential Wastewater and Poultry Farming Impacts and Degraded Water Quality in a Subestuary of Chesapeake Bay

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