Welcome to the Morse Code (CW) Radio Center of NW7US
Check out the entire page - lots of information follows!This Website is your resource for learning and enhancing your
Morse Code / CW Communications skill.
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I'm Tomas David Hood. I am a Radio Amateur (Extra), living in Hamilton, Montana. I enjoy having two-way communications by way of shortwave radio signals, in the Amateur Radio hobby. The Shortwave bands are in the High Frequency radio spectrum. I especially enjoy the art of using Morse code (more specifically, the International Morse Code) in radio communications.
The International Morse Code, sometimes referred to as 'CW' in Amateur Radio jargon because a continuous wave is turned on and off with the long and short elements of the morse code characters, is a type of character encoding that transmits telegraphic information using rhythm. Morse code uses a standardized sequence of short and long elements to represent the letters, numerals, punctuation and special characters of a given message. The short and long elements can be formed by sounds, marks, or pulses, in on off keying and are commonly known as "dots" and "dashes" or "dits" and "dahs". The speed of Morse code is measured in words per minute (WPM) or characters per minute, while fixed-length data forms of telecommunication transmission are usually measured in baud or bps.
Why is it called 'Morse Code'? This character encoding was devised by Samuel F. B. Morse, the creator of the electric telegraph. This 'Morse Code' came in two flavors, in the beginning. One was in use by the railroads of America, and is known as 'American Morse Code'. And, there was a unified, internationally-used version (adopted by radio operators), now known as the 'International Morse Code'. Now, when most people refer to 'Morse Code' or 'CW', they mean, 'International Morse Code.'
Currently, the most popular use of Morse code is by amateur radio operators, although it is no longer a requirement for amateur licensing in many countries. In the professional field, pilots and air traffic controllers are usually familiar with Morse code and require a basic understanding. Navigational aids in the field of aviation, such as VORs and NDBs, constantly transmit their identity in Morse code. Morse code is designed to be read by humans without a decoding device, making it useful for sending automated digital data in voice channels. For emergency signaling, Morse code can be sent by way of improvised sources that can be easily "keyed" on and off, making Morse code one of the most versatile methods of telecommunication in existence.
The International Morse Code, sometimes referred to as 'CW' in Amateur Radio jargon because a continuous wave is turned on and off with the long and short elements of the morse code characters, is a type of character encoding that transmits telegraphic information using rhythm. Morse code uses a standardized sequence of short and long elements to represent the letters, numerals, punctuation and special characters of a given message. The short and long elements can be formed by sounds, marks, or pulses, in on off keying and are commonly known as "dots" and "dashes" or "dits" and "dahs". The speed of Morse code is measured in words per minute (WPM) or characters per minute, while fixed-length data forms of telecommunication transmission are usually measured in baud or bps.
Why is it called 'Morse Code'? This character encoding was devised by Samuel F. B. Morse, the creator of the electric telegraph. This 'Morse Code' came in two flavors, in the beginning. One was in use by the railroads of America, and is known as 'American Morse Code'. And, there was a unified, internationally-used version (adopted by radio operators), now known as the 'International Morse Code'. Now, when most people refer to 'Morse Code' or 'CW', they mean, 'International Morse Code.'
Currently, the most popular use of Morse code is by amateur radio operators, although it is no longer a requirement for amateur licensing in many countries. In the professional field, pilots and air traffic controllers are usually familiar with Morse code and require a basic understanding. Navigational aids in the field of aviation, such as VORs and NDBs, constantly transmit their identity in Morse code. Morse code is designed to be read by humans without a decoding device, making it useful for sending automated digital data in voice channels. For emergency signaling, Morse code can be sent by way of improvised sources that can be easily "keyed" on and off, making Morse code one of the most versatile methods of telecommunication in existence.
This key, below, is my
most-favorite 'straight' CW key.
New articles:
1. De-mystifying HF radio propagation.
2. Is HF Propagation Reciprocal?
This CW Resource Center is brought to you by NW7US - Tomas - in Hamilton, Montana, USA
+ Propagation Editor:
CQ, CQ VHF, Popular Communications
+ Associate Member:
Propagation Studies Committee of RSGB
+ 113.98W 46.57N Stevensville, Montana DN26wg
+ Ten-Ten International 10x56526
+ FISTS 7055,FNW 57
+ Lighthouse Scty 144
+ NAQCC 1774
+ Monthly QRP Field Day Member #62
+ QRP ARCI 12781
+ Contributing editor on
Wikipedia - Amateur Radio/Space WX
+ Digital HF Radio - NW7US
+ Straight Key Century Club #4758C
(Here's another NW7US personal page...)
(NW7US at MySpace.com)
(My Music - Tomas David Hood - MySpace)
From the CQ Newsroom (April 27, 2009):
If you use the Google search engine (www.google.com) today, you'll be in for a surprise: The Google logo is in Morse Code:
According to the Search Engine Roundtable, the folks at Google put the logo into Morse Code in honor of Samuel F. B. Morse's birthday today. Morse was born on April 27, 1791. Various reports credit Morse as inventor of the telegraph and of the code that bears his name. That is actually only half correct. While Morse did indeed invent the telegraph, his original code was a series of numbers that corresponded to word-entries in a book at each telegraph station. It was Morse's assistant, Alfred Vail, who actually developed the dot-dash code that allowed any word to be sent efficiently, without the need for "translations."
Google regularly gets creative with its logo in order to honor special people or events, with a particular focus on pioneers in science and technology. While there is nothing official, we are assuming that the letters in the logo are staggered in order to fit within the standard space allotted on the web page for the Google logo.
What does 'CW' really mean?
From Jim Wades, WB8SIW come the following inforation regarding the origins of the term "continuous wave." Here is his abridged version.
The first radio transmitters generated RF by discharging a high voltage spark across an L-C resonant circuit, which was coupled to the antenna. Each spark discharge across the gap would "ring" the L-C tuned circuit, which would then oscillate at its resonant frequency with decreasing amplitude until the decay was such that oscillation ceased. This created a "damped" oscillation analogous to ringing a bell or plucking a guitar string.
The biggest problems with spark transmitters were occupied bandwidth, resulting in relatively poor efficiency, and the fact that they could not be modulated. This problem was solved through a number of approaches, which produced "undamped oscillations," also called "continuous waves." The earliest methods of producing an undamped oscillation were the arc transmitter and the radio frequency alternator. Both were usuable only at very low frequencies, and both produced RF directly at high power levels, which were difficult to modulate. However, such systems remained in service well into the mid 1940s, and one Alexanderson long-wave alternator remains intact and operational in Sweden as a museum piece.
With the development of stable, good quality vacuum tubes in the 'teens, it became possible to develop a "modern" RF oscillator. Better yet, a RF oscillator could operate at low levels and be buffered and amplified in stages to produce reasonably high power levels. Furthermore, such vacuum tube oscillators could be conveniently modulated. Therefore, immediately after World War One and through the 1920s, we begin to see a variety of applications arise centered around voice communications including radio broadcasting, police radio, and point-to-point SSB circuits for international telephone service.
The term "continuous wave" during this early period emerged as a tool to differentiate a modern radiotelegraph transmitter generating undamped oscillations from its antecedent, the older spark transmitter producing damped oscillations. Over time, as the spark technology receded into the past, the term "CW" became somewhat idiomatic; a term used by radio operators and engineers in reference to all radiotelegraph communications.
In reality, all modern communications systems use "CW," from your ham radio CW equipment to the latest cellular telephone or wireless router! I hope that explains things! - 73, WB8SIW
Why Learn Morse Code?
From Gil: As I was pondering about learning Morse code, which I mistakenly considered a small detail, it hit me.. Morse archaic, when? Aren't many of the skills we like to learn archaic? Trapping, hunting, food preservation, living off the land, field medical procedures, camping, building shelters, etc. The kind of skills that can save your bacon when everything else fails.
Morse is one of them! It can be used without a radio. You can tap your fingers, blink your eyes in Morse, and nobody but the intended recipient across the room would know.. You can bang on a pipe with a wrench, hit a drum, squeeze someone's hand, use a flashlight or a laser pointer to send a message in Morse.
If regular means of communications were down, because of an electromagnetic pulse for instance, a simple telegraph could easily be built without using semi-conductors. The wires are already all around us.
See the full discussion, here: Radio Preppers: The Ever Useful Good Old Morse Code.
1. De-mystifying HF radio propagation.
2. Is HF Propagation Reciprocal?
NEW: ACE-HF Pro V.2.05
The Advanced Ham and SWL Propagation Software for Ham and SWL operations.
ACE stands for Animated Communications Effectiveness, a coverage display technique originally developed for U.S. Navy submarine communications. ACE-HF PRO is the System Simulation and Visualization propagation modeling and forecasting software for Hams and Short Wave Listeners. ACE shows when the HF bands will be open in different world areas. Check it out, today.
The Advanced Ham and SWL Propagation Software for Ham and SWL operations.
ACE stands for Animated Communications Effectiveness, a coverage display technique originally developed for U.S. Navy submarine communications. ACE-HF PRO is the System Simulation and Visualization propagation modeling and forecasting software for Hams and Short Wave Listeners. ACE shows when the HF bands will be open in different world areas. Check it out, today.
This CW Resource Center is brought to you by NW7US - Tomas - in Hamilton, Montana, USA
+ Propagation Editor:
CQ, CQ VHF, Popular Communications
+ Associate Member:
Propagation Studies Committee of RSGB
+ 113.98W 46.57N Stevensville, Montana DN26wg
+ Ten-Ten International 10x56526
+ FISTS 7055,FNW 57
+ Lighthouse Scty 144
+ NAQCC 1774
+ Monthly QRP Field Day Member #62
+ QRP ARCI 12781
+ Contributing editor on
Wikipedia - Amateur Radio/Space WX
+ Digital HF Radio - NW7US
+ Straight Key Century Club #4758C
(Here's another NW7US personal page...)
(NW7US at MySpace.com)
(My Music - Tomas David Hood - MySpace)
From the CQ Newsroom (April 27, 2009):
If you use the Google search engine (www.google.com) today, you'll be in for a surprise: The Google logo is in Morse Code:
According to the Search Engine Roundtable, the folks at Google put the logo into Morse Code in honor of Samuel F. B. Morse's birthday today. Morse was born on April 27, 1791. Various reports credit Morse as inventor of the telegraph and of the code that bears his name. That is actually only half correct. While Morse did indeed invent the telegraph, his original code was a series of numbers that corresponded to word-entries in a book at each telegraph station. It was Morse's assistant, Alfred Vail, who actually developed the dot-dash code that allowed any word to be sent efficiently, without the need for "translations."
Google regularly gets creative with its logo in order to honor special people or events, with a particular focus on pioneers in science and technology. While there is nothing official, we are assuming that the letters in the logo are staggered in order to fit within the standard space allotted on the web page for the Google logo.
This site is produced and presented by Tomas David Hood (Amateur Radio Operator, NW7US) - Tomas is also a musician. Please click the 'play' button, below, to hear some of the music that Tomas would like to share with you. Thank you for listening! You may leave me a comment about the music.
Also, you may purchase my CD (Beginnings EP 2009) or the downloadable MP3 versions of the songs from my new EP, here: Tomas David Hood Music.
Also, you may purchase my CD (Beginnings EP 2009) or the downloadable MP3 versions of the songs from my new EP, here: Tomas David Hood Music.
What does 'CW' really mean?
From Jim Wades, WB8SIW come the following inforation regarding the origins of the term "continuous wave." Here is his abridged version.
The first radio transmitters generated RF by discharging a high voltage spark across an L-C resonant circuit, which was coupled to the antenna. Each spark discharge across the gap would "ring" the L-C tuned circuit, which would then oscillate at its resonant frequency with decreasing amplitude until the decay was such that oscillation ceased. This created a "damped" oscillation analogous to ringing a bell or plucking a guitar string.
The biggest problems with spark transmitters were occupied bandwidth, resulting in relatively poor efficiency, and the fact that they could not be modulated. This problem was solved through a number of approaches, which produced "undamped oscillations," also called "continuous waves." The earliest methods of producing an undamped oscillation were the arc transmitter and the radio frequency alternator. Both were usuable only at very low frequencies, and both produced RF directly at high power levels, which were difficult to modulate. However, such systems remained in service well into the mid 1940s, and one Alexanderson long-wave alternator remains intact and operational in Sweden as a museum piece.
With the development of stable, good quality vacuum tubes in the 'teens, it became possible to develop a "modern" RF oscillator. Better yet, a RF oscillator could operate at low levels and be buffered and amplified in stages to produce reasonably high power levels. Furthermore, such vacuum tube oscillators could be conveniently modulated. Therefore, immediately after World War One and through the 1920s, we begin to see a variety of applications arise centered around voice communications including radio broadcasting, police radio, and point-to-point SSB circuits for international telephone service.
The term "continuous wave" during this early period emerged as a tool to differentiate a modern radiotelegraph transmitter generating undamped oscillations from its antecedent, the older spark transmitter producing damped oscillations. Over time, as the spark technology receded into the past, the term "CW" became somewhat idiomatic; a term used by radio operators and engineers in reference to all radiotelegraph communications.
In reality, all modern communications systems use "CW," from your ham radio CW equipment to the latest cellular telephone or wireless router! I hope that explains things! - 73, WB8SIW
Why Learn Morse Code?
From Gil: As I was pondering about learning Morse code, which I mistakenly considered a small detail, it hit me.. Morse archaic, when? Aren't many of the skills we like to learn archaic? Trapping, hunting, food preservation, living off the land, field medical procedures, camping, building shelters, etc. The kind of skills that can save your bacon when everything else fails.
Morse is one of them! It can be used without a radio. You can tap your fingers, blink your eyes in Morse, and nobody but the intended recipient across the room would know.. You can bang on a pipe with a wrench, hit a drum, squeeze someone's hand, use a flashlight or a laser pointer to send a message in Morse.
If regular means of communications were down, because of an electromagnetic pulse for instance, a simple telegraph could easily be built without using semi-conductors. The wires are already all around us.
See the full discussion, here: Radio Preppers: The Ever Useful Good Old Morse Code.
In general, my Amateur Radio (hobby) station runs 100 watts, transmitting out of an Icom IC-7000 (pictured, above). When I operate any digital modes, I am using the KK7UQ home-built digital interface with the Ham Radio Delux + DRM software. However, the unique and useful aspect regarding Morse Code in this hobby is that I do not need a computer and software to decode the received CW, or to send Morse Code; I can decode and encode communications with my ears and brain! So, when I operate my Amateur Radio station in the CW mode, I do so without anything but the Icom radio, the CW key, my ears and brain, and the antenna. My antenna is a multi-wire dipole. The dipole antenna has wire dipoles for 80, 40, 30, and 20 meters. That means that I can also work 15 meters. With a good antenna tuner (like the Ten-Tec as shown above), I can work all of the HF Amateur Radio bands.
Operating in the CW mode is efficient and effective in terms of getting a signal from point A to point B, and back again. CW mode is more efficient than a mode such as the Single-Sideband (SSB) voice mode. There is a scientific reason behind this fact. The comparison, below, of the area coverage footprint a 100-watt SSB signal and the footprint of a 100-watt CW signal shows how much more efficient CW is over SSB. Click on either map to see a full-size view. These area coverage maps were created using ACE-HF Pro, version 2.05.
Milt, K4OSO, wrote some great points that are helpful to the 'new' amateur radio operator desiring to use Morse Code in their radio communications. Milt has allowed me to share these with you:
"8 GOOD REASONS FOR NOT GETTING ON THE AIR"
By Milt, K4OSO
1. I CAN'T COPY VERY WELL Copy skills get better with time and practice. Nerves is certainly a factor at first. The answer to nerves is exposure. Get on the air and practice those skills. After all, you're not copying vectors for a brain exploration surgery, just fun stuff. What if you do miss some? Eh?
2. I MAKE MISTAKES IN SENDING Who cares? Everyone does! If you show me an op who sends flawless CW, I'll eat my hat. Even keyboarders make mistakes. Its what you do when you make one that is the measure of an op. A good op corrects his mistakes. When you glide past mistakes it leaves the other guy guessing.
3. MY CW IS VERY SLOW Accuracy transcends speed! Accuracy is absolute, while speed will increase/improve over time. What you DON'T want is to get faster at sending poorly. Fast and poor are an awful twosome. Practice sending well, at a speed which is comfortable for you. You WILL make mistakes, just correct them and move on.
4. I GET LOST IN QSO'S As many have suggested, by writing down the parts of a typical exchange/qso, you will be better able to get through a qso. Its really funny how few comments are directed to spelling. Spelling slows us down and trips us up in many qso situations. When you practice off-air, its fine to use a sheet of text, but I find that sending as if in a qso is much more helpful. Practice this by sending out of your head. You'll get used to sending off the cuff and your spelling will improve tremendously.
If ragchewing is your goal, keep your exchanges short, at first. Don't try to say too much in one exchange. That way, it will give you time to think about what you'll say next, and will slow the other op down as well. That will make his transmissions easier to copy. Keep it casual, and don't let it become hard work.
5. MY PALMS SWEAT Keep a hand towel at your operating desk. My palms sweated on my first date too but, it didn't stop me. Remember, no one can see you! Try PRETENDING you're as calm as a cucumber. Think of yourself as a "take charge" op who can handle any situation. As an op thinkest, so shall he be on the air.
One particular activity that improved my confidence and ability to handle most situations was learning traffic handling on the Maryland Slow Net. Net speed was maximum 10 wpm (and flexible), the instructors were patient and considerate. That training gave me the confidence I desperately needed. I'm now an Instructor and Net Control Station on that Net and watch the transformation of new ops from tentative and unsure to ops who would be welcomed on NTS traffic net throughout the country. Its easy and painless and proceeds at the new op's own pace. Even if you don't become an active traffic handler, the training is invaluable for learning general operating practices.
6. PEOPLE WILL THINK POORLY OF ME Bull Crap!!! Everyone expects new / inexperienced CW ops to be somewhat tentative, make some mistakes and miss some copy. They expect it because THEY PERFORMED THE SAME WAY WHEN THEY WERE NEW / INEXPERIENCED. Some well-meaning ops, in an attempt to sooth the nervous new op will say, "Aw, no one will notice your mistakes" Bull crap! Of course they notice them! They'd have to be idiots not to. BUT, no one cares about a your mistakes. This is a hobby, a means of having fun. It WILL be fun if you stop agonizing over it. The amount of fun you have at CW is inversely proportional to the amount you worry about it.
7. I'LL DO IT WHEN I GET BETTER That's fine if you like spending your time procrastinating. "He was gonna get on the air tomorrow" would make a unfortunate epitath. "He really enjoyed his ham radio hobby and his CW" is a much nicer one. I waited until I was over 60 to finally get started in Ham radio. I often think of how much fun I could have had over the years if I had just bitten the bullet and jumped in. Now, I'm trying to make up for lost time. But, we all know that's impossible.
8. I HAVE PROBLEMS WITH THIS OR THAT TYPE OF KEY Ok... use whatever you're good with, and develop your skills on the others at your own pace. Whatever you do, don't try to swage your fist into a type of key that frustrates you. Learning new skills, while not easy, should be fun. Measure your progress in small chunks. Don't set your goals too far ahead. You must be able to see progress. If speed improvement is your goal, measure it one word per minute at a time. Don't try to go from 5 wpm to 10 wpm. That's doubling your speed! It would be like me trying to go from 35 wpm to 70 wpm. Never happen, go from 5 to 6. Then to 7, and so on.
73, Milt
The Basics of Morse code/CW:
Operating in the CW mode is efficient and effective in terms of getting a signal from point A to point B, and back again. CW mode is more efficient than a mode such as the Single-Sideband (SSB) voice mode. There is a scientific reason behind this fact. The comparison, below, of the area coverage footprint a 100-watt SSB signal and the footprint of a 100-watt CW signal shows how much more efficient CW is over SSB. Click on either map to see a full-size view. These area coverage maps were created using ACE-HF Pro, version 2.05.
Please consider helping:
Special Notice: HFRadio.org and related websites are all a service paid for by Tomas David Hood, and by the occassional donations from visitors to these websites. ECONONMICALLY, TIMES ARE VERY ROUGH, and the donations have been few and far between. Would you please help out, today, to help me offset the cost of running this server and providing these web resources (space weather, amateur radio, shortwave listening, and more)? If you can help, today, please click the following button to make a donation to HFRadio.org --
Special Notice: HFRadio.org and related websites are all a service paid for by Tomas David Hood, and by the occassional donations from visitors to these websites. ECONONMICALLY, TIMES ARE VERY ROUGH, and the donations have been few and far between. Would you please help out, today, to help me offset the cost of running this server and providing these web resources (space weather, amateur radio, shortwave listening, and more)? If you can help, today, please click the following button to make a donation to HFRadio.org --
Milt, K4OSO, wrote some great points that are helpful to the 'new' amateur radio operator desiring to use Morse Code in their radio communications. Milt has allowed me to share these with you:
"8 GOOD REASONS FOR NOT GETTING ON THE AIR"
By Milt, K4OSO
1. I CAN'T COPY VERY WELL Copy skills get better with time and practice. Nerves is certainly a factor at first. The answer to nerves is exposure. Get on the air and practice those skills. After all, you're not copying vectors for a brain exploration surgery, just fun stuff. What if you do miss some? Eh?
2. I MAKE MISTAKES IN SENDING Who cares? Everyone does! If you show me an op who sends flawless CW, I'll eat my hat. Even keyboarders make mistakes. Its what you do when you make one that is the measure of an op. A good op corrects his mistakes. When you glide past mistakes it leaves the other guy guessing.
3. MY CW IS VERY SLOW Accuracy transcends speed! Accuracy is absolute, while speed will increase/improve over time. What you DON'T want is to get faster at sending poorly. Fast and poor are an awful twosome. Practice sending well, at a speed which is comfortable for you. You WILL make mistakes, just correct them and move on.
4. I GET LOST IN QSO'S As many have suggested, by writing down the parts of a typical exchange/qso, you will be better able to get through a qso. Its really funny how few comments are directed to spelling. Spelling slows us down and trips us up in many qso situations. When you practice off-air, its fine to use a sheet of text, but I find that sending as if in a qso is much more helpful. Practice this by sending out of your head. You'll get used to sending off the cuff and your spelling will improve tremendously.
If ragchewing is your goal, keep your exchanges short, at first. Don't try to say too much in one exchange. That way, it will give you time to think about what you'll say next, and will slow the other op down as well. That will make his transmissions easier to copy. Keep it casual, and don't let it become hard work.
5. MY PALMS SWEAT Keep a hand towel at your operating desk. My palms sweated on my first date too but, it didn't stop me. Remember, no one can see you! Try PRETENDING you're as calm as a cucumber. Think of yourself as a "take charge" op who can handle any situation. As an op thinkest, so shall he be on the air.
One particular activity that improved my confidence and ability to handle most situations was learning traffic handling on the Maryland Slow Net. Net speed was maximum 10 wpm (and flexible), the instructors were patient and considerate. That training gave me the confidence I desperately needed. I'm now an Instructor and Net Control Station on that Net and watch the transformation of new ops from tentative and unsure to ops who would be welcomed on NTS traffic net throughout the country. Its easy and painless and proceeds at the new op's own pace. Even if you don't become an active traffic handler, the training is invaluable for learning general operating practices.
6. PEOPLE WILL THINK POORLY OF ME Bull Crap!!! Everyone expects new / inexperienced CW ops to be somewhat tentative, make some mistakes and miss some copy. They expect it because THEY PERFORMED THE SAME WAY WHEN THEY WERE NEW / INEXPERIENCED. Some well-meaning ops, in an attempt to sooth the nervous new op will say, "Aw, no one will notice your mistakes" Bull crap! Of course they notice them! They'd have to be idiots not to. BUT, no one cares about a your mistakes. This is a hobby, a means of having fun. It WILL be fun if you stop agonizing over it. The amount of fun you have at CW is inversely proportional to the amount you worry about it.
7. I'LL DO IT WHEN I GET BETTER That's fine if you like spending your time procrastinating. "He was gonna get on the air tomorrow" would make a unfortunate epitath. "He really enjoyed his ham radio hobby and his CW" is a much nicer one. I waited until I was over 60 to finally get started in Ham radio. I often think of how much fun I could have had over the years if I had just bitten the bullet and jumped in. Now, I'm trying to make up for lost time. But, we all know that's impossible.
8. I HAVE PROBLEMS WITH THIS OR THAT TYPE OF KEY Ok... use whatever you're good with, and develop your skills on the others at your own pace. Whatever you do, don't try to swage your fist into a type of key that frustrates you. Learning new skills, while not easy, should be fun. Measure your progress in small chunks. Don't set your goals too far ahead. You must be able to see progress. If speed improvement is your goal, measure it one word per minute at a time. Don't try to go from 5 wpm to 10 wpm. That's doubling your speed! It would be like me trying to go from 35 wpm to 70 wpm. Never happen, go from 5 to 6. Then to 7, and so on.
73, Milt
The Basics of Morse code/CW:
- Learning CW - Koch Method
This is the BEST way to learn Morse code, in MY opinion. - GET THIS NOW:
Koch Method CW Training software, by G4FON.
I USE THIS. IT WORKS.
If the link is not working, you may grab the Koch CW Trainer, Version 9.2.4, here:
Download Version 9.2.4 - Koch CW Trainer by G4FON - The Koch Morse Code group, on Yahoo
- Learn CW, Online
- Zen and the Art of Radio Telegraphy
- The Art and Skill of Radio Telegraphy
- Chris, K6DBG's CW resource page
- Various online practice resources in Morse Code
- Abbreviations used in CW / Radio
- CW and Phonetic Alphabet used in CW / Radio
- Q-Codes used in CW / Radio
- A Beginner's Guide to Making CW Contacts