RDF notes and proposals

This directory contains documents and links relating to RDF.

Contents

• RDF introduction/tutorial links
• My documents on this web site
• Links to related information
• RDF specification
• RDF resources and projects
• RDF Schemas
• History
• Other RDF notes
• RDF applications
• Other notes

My related pages

• Swish: Semantic Web inference scripting in Haskell.
• Semantic Web Advanced Development Europe (SWAD-E).
• RDF calendaring notes.
• iTrust working group.
• Schema links.

RDF/Semantic Web introduction

• W3C Semantic Web Activity. Marja-Riitta Koivunen and Eric Miller.

Local documents

• Discussion notes for using contexts with RDF. This version updated 18-Oct-2000 taking account of comments from folks at HP Labs and Bristol University ILRT.
• Information modelling using RDF. This note describes some ways that contexts might be used to facilitate creation of RDF descriptions of complex objects and concepts. (For historical reasons, this is in PDF rather than HTML: I haven't mustered the energy to convert it yet. Sorry!)
• RDF for end-to-end content. Notes from a presentation to our development team about why RDF should be considered for application data formats.
• 1-page introduction to RDF. Well, 2-3 pages actually.
• There is also an email message format draft that utilizes some RDF concepts.
• Notes about representing facts and rules in RDF. These are written with the RDF expert system shell in mind, but have some wider implications for reference-without-assertion (traditionally, reification) in RDF. (Work in progress at 2-Dec-2002.)
• Circumstance, provenance and partial knowledge: Limiting the scope of RDF assertions. A note proposing some technical details for using contexts with RDF, including a sketch of some formal semantics. This is an attempt to formalize "formulae" as defined by Notation 3 (N3). (Updated 13-Mar-2002).
• Another short RDF document: an overview of the proposed RDF core specifications as of March 2002 (Work in progress at 19-Mar-2002).
• RDF/N3 for "Little Languages": some experiments with using RDF/N3 to encode languages for RDF query and report generation. (Created 25-April-2002, updated 29-May-2002).
• European Semantic Web (SWAD-E) work:
• Survey of trust and security related protocols and data formats:
• document, other links
• Scenarios for trust modelling in RDF:
• document, mindmap, other links
• RDF for network management, home network access scenario:
• document, diagram, presentation, other links.
• Swish software description (see also the software page)
• Using datatype-aware inferences with RDF: this explores options for incorporating datatype aware inferencing mechanisms into my Swish software. It also contains a brief survey of inferencing constructs implemented in other RDF systems. (Created 5 November 2003, work-in-progress).
• Presentation about RDF datatyping (Powerpoint, PDF). Demonstration slide links: Swish program, Swish script. (Created 26 February, for W3C tech plenary meeting of SWIG.)

Links to related information

RDF Specification

• Resource Description Framework (RDF) Model and Syntax Specification: www.w3.org/TR/REC-rdf-syntax
• Resource Description Framework (RDF) Schema Specification 1.0: www.w3.org/TR/rdf-schema
• RDFcore working group home page: www.w3.org/2001/sw/RDFCore/
• RDF issues list: www.w3.org/2000/03/rdf-tracking/.
• RDF announced as W3C Recommendation: www.w3.org/News/2004#item14.
• RDF 10-Feb-2004 specification documents:
• Resource Description Framework (RDF): Concepts and Abstract Syntax - Abstract syntax, design goals, concepts, character normalization and handling of URI references. www.w3.org/TR/2004/REC-rdf-concepts-20040210/. (WebOnt comment)
• RDF/XML Syntax Specification (Revised) - Update for XML, namespaces, the Infoset, and XML Base. www.w3.org/TR/2004/REC-rdf-syntax-grammar-20040210/.
• RDF Vocabulary Description Language 1.0: RDF Schema - Describes how to use RDF to build RDF vocabularies. Defines a basic vocabulary and conventions for use by Semantic Web applications. www.w3.org/TR/2004/REC-rdf-schema-20040210/.
• RDF Semantics - Formal mathematical theory for reasoning about RDF data. www.w3.org/TR/2004/REC-rdf-mt-20040210/.
• RDF Primer - An introduction for all readers. www.w3.org/TR/2004/REC-rdf-primer-20040210/.
• RDF Test Cases - Machine-processable test cases. www.w3.org/TR/2004/REC-rdf-testcases-20040210/.
• application/rdf+xml Media Type Registration (MIME type registration). www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-swartz-rdfcore-rdfxml-mediatype-05.txt. (Also at www.aaronsw.com/2002/draft-swartz-rdfcore-rdfxml-mediatype-05.html).

RDF resources, projects

• W3C page of links to RDF resources: www.w3.org/RDF/.
• Dave Beckett's Resource Description Framework (RDF) Resource Guide: www.ilrt.bristol.ac.uk/discovery/rdf/resources/.
• RDFWeb (WebWho, Foaf, etc).
• W3C RDF Validation Service: www.w3.org/RDF/Validator/. This facility also produces N-triples output and attractive diagrams of RDF graphs.
• RDF Calendar taskforce: ilrt.org/discovery/2001/04/calendar/.
• SWAD-E calendaring workshop: www.w3.org/2001/sw/Europe/reports/dev_workshop_report_2/.
• RDF Calendar workspace: www.w3.org/2002/12/cal/.
• See also SkiCal - an extension of iCalendar. www.watersprings.org/pub/id/draft-many-ical-ski-06.txt.
• See also: SkiCal and iCalendar in DAML+oil: a case study, Libby Miller, Greg FitzPatrick, Dan Brickley. www.ilrt.bris.ac.uk/discovery/2002/03/skical-daml/.
• The DARPA Agent Markup Language (DAML) Homepage. The DAML project has done a lot of great work to get a corpus of information published on the web as RDF. www.daml.org/.
• DAML viewer: www.daml.org/viewer/.
• TAP, semantic search: tap.stanford.edu/.
• Reference by Description: tap.stanford.edu/tap/rbd.html.
• ILRT: www.ilrt.bris.ac.uk/.
• Semantic web group page: www.ilrt.bris.ac.uk/projects/semantic_web.
• Harmony: www.ilrt.bristol.ac.uk/discovery/harmony/
• Final report: ilrt.org/discovery/2002/07/harmony-final/.
• Inkling, RDF Query: swordfish.rdfweb.org/rdfquery/.
• RDF Query by example, Libby Miller: ilrt.org/discovery/2002/04/query/.
• University of Aberdeen, Department of Computer Science:
• RDF Query by Example and Constraint Interchange Format: www.csd.abdn.ac.uk/research/AgentCities/QueryByExample/.

RDF Schemas

• SchemaWeb: an online index of RDF schemas: www.schemaweb.info/.

History

• Meta Content Framework Using XML, an early paper by R. V. Guha and Tim Bray that introduces many ideas that later show up in RDF. www.w3.org/TR/NOTE-MCF-XML-970606.
• Semantic Web History: Nodes and Arcs 1989-1999, The WWW Proposal and RDF. A note by Dan Brickley that references Tim Berners-Lee's original WWW proposal, showing how the ideas of RDF were anticipated from the outset of World Wide Web development. www.w3.org/1999/11/11-WWWProposal/.

Other RDF-related notes

• An extended tutorial on RDF: www710.univ-lyon1.fr/~champin/rdf-tutorial/.
• RDF Hacking: Understanding the Striped RDF/XML Syntax. Some notes by Dan Brickley about the representation of RDF graphs in XML. www.w3.org/2001/10/stripes/.
• Tim Berners-Lee notes on Web and Semantic Web architecture: www.w3.org/DesignIssues/.
• A story about RDF and XML. A position paper by Dan Brickley and Eric Miller about the relationship between XML and RDF: www.w3.org/2001/06/rdf-xproc/1. (Note the two bullet points in the section Happy Endings?.)
• Dan Brickley's "Unicorny" notes, Practical RDF puzzles Photos, Unicorns and Web ontologies, rdfweb.org/people/danbri/2001/12/puzzle/unicorny.html.
• Dan Connolly's notes On URIs, resources, and documents: www.w3.org/2001/tag/doc/ures14.
• The Semantic Web: 1-2-3: www.disobey.com/detergent/2002/sw123/. Morbus Iff's tale of learning about RDF, explaining with some feeling the tension between RDF's ugliness and its utility. Also contains useful links to related introductory material.
• Description Logics in Data Management, Alex Borgida, information at: citeseer.nj.nec.com/borgida95description.html. I found this paper to be a very useful introduction to the ideas of description logics.
• Living with CLASSIC: When and How to Use a KL-ONE-Like Language, Ronald J. Brachman, Deborah L. McGuinness, Peter F. Patel-Schneider, Lori Alperin Resnick and Alex Borgida, abstract and link at: www.ksl.stanford.edu/people/dlm/papers/living-with-classic-abstract.html. This paper provides useful insights into the style of description logic that underlies the design of DAML+OIL, and which will presumably be incorporated into W3C's Ontology Web Language (OWL).
• A P3P Assurance Signature Profile, Joseph Reagle, W3C Note 2 February 2001, www.w3.org/TR/xmldsig-p3p-profile/. This note discusses use of RDF in an XML sigtnature to convey ionformation about the assurance that is intended to be conveyed by the signature.
• Why RDF and not just XML? Dan Brickley discusses the advantages of merging RDF documents: rdfweb.org/pipermail/rdfweb-dev/2003-July/011457.html.
• Missing isn't broken: data validation and freedom on the Semantic Web, Dan Brickley, discussing the oft-raised issue of data validation in RDF. rdfweb.org/mt/foaflog/archives/000047.html.
• The Semantic Web, Syllogism, and Worldview, a critique of Semantic Web technology by Clay Shirky (www.shirky.com/writings/semantic_syllogism.html), and Dan Brickley's response (lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/www-archive/2003Nov/0010.html).
• A Radical Reinterpretation of RDF and RDF Schema plus Datatypes, Peter F. Patel Schneider: lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/www-rdf-interest/2001Oct/0054.html. The ideas here seem to be resurfaced in this "Yin Yang Web" paper given at WWW 2002: www2002.org/CDROM/refereed/231/, www-db.research.bell-labs.com/user/pfps/papers/yin-yang.pdf.
• Jeremy Carroll, et al., on TriX and named graphs:
• www.hpl.hp.com/techreports/2003/HPL-2003-268.html on TriX (with Patrick Stickler).
• lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/www-archive/2004Apr/att-0081/PID-FAFPGYHS-1081860211.pdf on named graphs, provenance and trust (with Chris Bizer, Pat Hayes and Patrick Stickler).
• Meaning and the Semantic Web, Bijan Parsia, Peter F. Patel­Schneider. www-db.research.bell-labs.com/user/pfps/publications/meaning.pdf. (Argues that a feature similar to owl:imports is sufficient to link so-called "social meaning" to formal meaning in the Semantic Web.)
• Introduction to Semantic Web Technologies: How to Change the World, Again. norman.walsh.name/2004/03/30/sexitup. (A brief "sexed-up" intro to the Semantic Web, from Norm Walsh.)
• Pat Hayes, Catching the Dreams, (c.2002). www.aifb.uni-karlsruhe.de/~sst/is/WebOntologyLanguage/hayes.htm. Some views about the limitations of using Description Logics as a basis for Semantic Web languages.

RDF applications

• Public draft of CC/PP structure and vocabulary document: www.w3.org/TR/CCPP-struct-vocab/. This proposes an application of RDF for profiling device capabilities and user preferences to be used for content adaptation.
• RDF Site Summary (RSS) 1.0: web.resource.org/rss/1.0/.
• Friend-of-a-friend (FOAF): www.foaf-project.org/.
• Samizdat: an RDF-based collaborative website: www.nongnu.org/samizdat/.

Other notes

• Netheads vs Bellheads, T. M. Denton. A discussion of the role of end-to-end architecture in fostering Internet innovation. www.tmdenton.com/pub/presentations/pol_econ_networks.pdf. (I see a similar role for RDF with respect to application data; cf. RDF for end-to-end content.)

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