Glossary

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

A

Algorithm: A logical sequence of steps for solving a problem, often written out as a flow chart, that can be translated into a computer program.¹

C

Computation fabric: The way in which the Meadre program allows code to run in multiple environments to harness the advantages of running parallel.

D

Data flows: The transfer of data from an external storage device, through the processing unit and memory, and out to an external storage device.²

H

Heterogeneous development: The ability for SEASR to function in different environments or programming languages such as Java or Python.

HPC cluster: A network of computers that work together to perform high performance computing.

J

Java: A trade name for a programming language and program definition developed by Sun Microsystems. Java is used to create small applications designed to enhance the functionality of a webpage. It is similar to object-oriented languages such as C++ and can run on any compatible platform.³

M

Meandre: Semantic enabled web-driven, dataflow execution environment. It provides the machinery for assembling and executing data flows -software applications consisting of software components that process data.

N

Natural language text: Human (i.e. natural rather than machine) language wording.

P

Partition:

Noun:

1. an area of a hard disk that is treated as a logical drive and can be accessed as a separate drive

2. a section of computer memory set aside as foreground or background memory

Verb:

1. to divide a hard disk into two or more logical drives that can be accessed as separate drives

2. to divide a large file or block into several smaller units which can be accessed and handled more easily³

R

RDF: (Abbreviation of resource description framework) A format for exchanging data on the Web, usually implemented in XML. RDF is used to create machine-readable descriptions of resources available on the Internet. RDF descriptions contain metadata, such as the author or creation date of a webpage, the topic of an article, or who is allowed to use a resource.

An important component of RDF is a framework that allows users to create and standardize new vocabularies to be used in describing objects. This framework makes it easier for new applications to make use of RDF descriptions.⁴

S

SEASR: The Software Environment for the Advancement of Scholarly Research (SEASR), funded by the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation, provides a research and development environment capable of powering leading-edge digital humanities initiatives.

Supervised learning: In supervised learning, the goal is to learn the form of a function y = f(x) by analyzing examples of the form (x_i, y_i), where y_i = f (x_i). Each input value x_i is usually an n-dimensional vector, where each dimension is either discrete or real-valued. Each output value y_i is typically either a discrete value or a continuous quantity.⁵

T

Text mining: data mining applied specifically to text.⁶

¹Dictionary of Information and Library Management. London: A&C Black, 2006. Credo Reference. Web. 01 December 2012.

²McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2003. Credo Reference. Web. 12 December 2012.

³Dictionary of Computing. London: A&C Black, 2008. Credo Reference. Web. 01 December 2012.

⁴High Definition: A-Z Guide to Personal Technology. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 2006.Credo Reference. Web. 12 December 2012.

⁵Encyclopedia of Computer Science. Hoboken: Wiley, 2003.Credo Reference. Web. 12 December 2012.

⁶The Penguin English Dictionary. London: Penguin, 2007. Credo Reference. Web. 12 December 2012.

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