What The Stations Say
by

John L. Daly

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spacer  Listed here are a set of historical temperature graphs from a large selection of mostly non-urban weather stations in both hemispheres. This data originated with the NASA Goddard Institute (GISS) in the USA and the Climatic Research Unit (CRU) of the University of East Anglia, Norwich, England. (The graphs have been generated from that data using the Microsoft Works spreadsheet module). With a few exceptions, large cities have been excluded because of Urban Heat Island Effect distortions to long-term data.  Stations with data up to 2000 or beyond are indicated in red (e.g. `Data to 2001').

spacer  Since all the models indicate the high latitudes and polar regions should warm the most, it is clear that these regions should show strong positive signs by now of a greenhouse-induced warming. To test the model's hypotheses of enhanced high latitude warming, take particular note of those graphs from polar and sub-polar regions which should show, by now, very large overall warmings. For this reason, many such polar stations have been included.

spacer Click on selected regions of this world map to go directly to the list of weather stations in that region.

The above map is divided into regions. Click a region to see the listing of weather stations for that region.
The record for each station can be displayed by clicking on the station name.
To return to the top of this page, press your BACK button.

Canadian Arctic

spacer  Eureka, Baffin Island, in the Canadian Arctic, data to 1995.

spacer  Frobisher Bay, Baffin Island, in the Canadian Arctic, Data to 1999

spacer  Inuvik, Northwest Territory of Canada. Between 1958 and now Inuvik has gone from a
     little Inuit fishing village to a significant petroleum base, possibly affecting its record. Data to 1995

spacer  Mould Bay, Melville Island, in the Canadian Arctic, data to 1992

spacer Inukjuak, Coral Harbour & Fort Chimo. Northern Canada. Map & model.  Winter temperatures. Data to 2000 

spacer Coral Harbour, Frobisher Bay, Clyde, & Hall Beach, northern Canada. Data to 2000

spacer  Resolute, Devon Island, in the Canadian Arctic, data to 1995.

spacer  Sachs Harbor, Banks Island, in the Canadian Arctic, data to 1985

spacer Whitehorse, Yukon, Canada.  Also Seasonal temperatures and map.  Data to 2002 

Alaska

spacer  Bethel, in southwestern Alaska, data to 2002

spacer  Cold Bay, Alaska Peninsula, Alaska, USA. Data to 1999

spacer  Coral Harbour, Alaska, USA, Data to 1999

spacer  Cordova, Alaska on the south coast. Chart from Alaska Climate Research Center. Data to 1995

spacer  Fairbanks, Alaska.  Case study in urbanisation - Raw data for city and university - data differences between them -
     Fairbanks adjusted by NASA-GISS for urbanisation.  Data to 2000

spacer  Fairbanks & Fort Greely, Alaska, USA. Fort Greely is 137 km ESE of Fairbanks. Data to 1999

spacer  Gulkana & Fort Greely, Alaska. Gulkana is in southern Alaska, 150 miles east-northeast of Anchorage. Data to 1999

spacer  Point Barrow, Alaska, showing seasonal and annual temperatures. Data to 2001
     Also see winter and summer temperatures separately

spacer  Juneau & Kodiak, Alaska. These stations on opposite sides of the Gulf of Alaska validate each other. Data to 1999

spacer  Kotzebue, Alaska, adjacent to the Bering Strait. Data to 1999

spacer  Nome, Alaska, also adjacent to the Bering Strait. Data to 2001

spacer  Northway, Alaska. Located in the interior. Chart from Alaska Climate Research Center. Data to 1994

spacer  St Paul Island, Bering Sea, Alaska, USA. This station is far out to sea from Alaska. Data to 1999

spacer  Talkeetna, Alaska, 200 km north of Anchorage. Data to 1999

spacer  Yakutat, Alaska on the south coast. Chart from Alaska Climate Research Center. Data to 1995

Greenland, Iceland, northern Norway, and the Arctic Ocean

spacer   Akureyri & Reykjavik, Iceland. Akureyri is a remote station on the north coast of Iceland facing the Arctic Ocean.
     Reykjavik is the capital city of Iceland, pop. 100,000.  Data to 2003

spacer Angmagssalik on the east coast of Greenland, is an area tipped to warm +10 degs. Data to 2003

spacer The `Arctic Rim' - four stations, Ostrov Vize, Danmarkshavn, Svalbard and  Franz Josef Land. Data to 2000

spacer Bear Island, in the Arctic Ocean directly north of Norway, just inside the +18 deg. contour. Data to 1999

spacer Bodo, Norway, is located on the far north coast of Norway, just inside the Arctic Circle. Data to 2003

spacer  Danmarkshavn, Greenland, seasonal & annual temperature. Plus summer months temperatures.  Data to 2002

spacer  Egdesminde, Greenland. Data to 1999

spacer  Franz Josef Land, Arctic Ocean. This station is only 10° latitude from the North Pole. Data to 1999

spacer The `GIUK Gap'. Six stations to represent the ocean gap between Greenland, Iceland, and UK. Data to 2000

spacer Godthaab on the west coast of Greenland, bears a strong similarity to the trend at Angmagssalik. Data to 2003

spacer  Godthaab & Angmagssalik, Greenland, summer temperatures, the season for ice melt. Data to 2003

spacer Ilulissat, Greenland (Jakobshavn & Egedesminde).  Data to 2002

spacer Jan Mayen Island in the Greenland Sea north of Iceland. Data to 2003

spacer  Keflavik & Hofn, Iceland. Keflavik is a US Air Force base. Hofn is adjacent to the Vatnajokull Ice Cap. Data to 1999

spacer North Greenland stations.  Thule, Dundas & Danmarkshavn. Data to 2001

spacer  Spitzbergen, Arctic Ocean. Old data, but it shows the 1960s Arctic cooling very well. Data to 1975

spacer NY-Alesund.  Also on Spitzbergen.  Sea level data to 2001

spacer  Stykkisholmur, a small community on the west coast of Iceland, 100 km north of Reykjavik. Data to 1998
     (thanks to Agust Bjarnason for the data).  Also Stykkisholmur & Teigarhorn, Iceland. Data to 1999

spacer  Thorshavn, Faeroe Islands, North Atlantic Ocean. Halfway between Scotland and Iceland. Data to 1999

spacer Thule, Dundas Radio & Danmarkshavn,  in Northern Greenland.  Data to 2001

spacer  Tromo/Skatto, Norway. Data to 2003

spacer  Vardo, Norway. Lies on the northern Arctic coast of Norway close to the Russian border.
     A valuable continuous long-term record from 1840. Data to 2003

Russia

spacer  Ajan, eastern Siberia, Russia. This station is on the Russian coast of the Sea of Okhotsk. Data to 1999

spacer Dzardzan & Olenek, Siberia, Russia. These stations lie in the Siberian interior near the Lena River. Data to 1999

spacer  Kanin Nos, Ostrov Vize, & Ostrov Dikson, Russia. On the Arctic coast of Russia. Map. Data to 1999

spacer Kirensk & Tura, Russia. Rural stations located north of Lake Baikal in central Siberia. Data to 2000

spacer  Korf, eastern Siberia, Russia. This station is on the eastern coast of the Kamchatka Peninsula. Data to 1999

spacer Murmansk, Archangelsk (Russia) & Vardo (Norway for comparison). Map.  Data to 2001

spacer Nikolayevsk & Oktiabrskaya, Russia (Far East).  Two stations on opposite sides of the Sea of Okhotsk. Map. Data to 2001

spacer  Okhotsk, eastern Siberia, Russia. This station is also on the Russian coast of the Sea of Okhotsk. Data to 1999

spacer  Ostrov Dikson, Siberia, Russia. This station lies east of the Urals on the Russian Arctic coast. Data to 1999 .

spacer  Ostrov Kotel, Russia. An island in the Arctic Ocean off the northeast Siberian coast. Data to 1999   

spacer  Ostrov Vize, Siberia, Russia. This station is an island off the north coast of Siberia, northeast of
     Novaya Zemlya, deep within the Arctic Ocean. Data to 1999 .

spacer Salehard, Siberia, Russia. This station is located in the Russian Arctic and is one which got CRU very excited.
     From the graph, it is difficult to see why. Data to 1995

spacer  Sejmchan, eastern Siberia, Russia. located inland within the far east territories. Data to 1999

spacer Turuhansk, Siberia, Russia. This station is also located in the Russian Arctic and also caused inexplicable
     excitement at CRU. Data to 1999

Europe

Scandinavia

spacer   Haparanda, Sweden. This station is on the Swedish coast of the Gulf of Bothnia next to the Finnish border. Data to 2003

spacer   Jyvaskyla, Finland & Ostersund, Sweden. A pair of stations in the centre of these countries. Data to 2000

spacer  Kajaani, Finland, is in central Finland close to the Russian border. Also includes data for Reboly, Russia
     which is only 150 km away across the border. The two are in lockstep and thus mutally validating. Data to 1999 .

spacer   Sodankyla, Finland. Also in the far northern interior of Finland. Data to 2003

spacer   Visby Flygpla, Sweden.  This station is on an island 110 miles south of Stockholm. Map. Data to 2000

Eastern Europe

spacer Debrecen & Pecs, Hungary.  Data going back to 1853. Data to 2000.

spacer Wlodawa & Bialystok, eastern Poland, 100 miles northeast and southeast of Warsaw.   Data to 2001.

Western Europe

spacer Central England, This is a regional series first developed by the late Prof Gordon Manley and now maintained and
     updated by the Hadley Centre, and is one of the most heavily urbanised areas in the world. Night light map of the UK
     to show population density.  Data to 1998.

spacer Central England Temperature 1659-2002 full data.    Central England Temperature 1770-2000 selective version.
     The industry prefers the 1770 start date as it then omits a very warm period around 1730.

spacer De Bilt, Netherlands. A valuable 300-year-old record in a small urban area. 20th Century chart Data to 2000

spacer  Gibraltar, southern tip of Spain. An erratic record suggests frequent site and/or instrument changes. Data to 1995

spacer Horta,The Azores, lies far out into the North Atlantic Ocean west of Portugal, a good litmus site for
     North Atlantic ocean temperature. Data to 1995 

spacer Lerwick is on the Shetland Islands, in the Norwegian Sea to the north of Scotland. Data to 1995

spacer Luqa International Airport, Malta.  Photo of the airport. Data to 2002

spacer Malin Head, on the northern tip of Ireland, - a good paired comparison with Valentia (above). Data to 1995

spacer Manchester Airport. Adjusted & unadjusted records.  Demonstrates inadequacy of heat island adjustment. Data to 2001

spacer Navacerrada & Madrid, Spain, 1941-2001.  A broken record, but shows Madrid urban warming. Data to 2001

spacer Plymouth, southwest England. Large urban centre. Data to 1995

spacer  Thorshavn, Faeroe Islands, roughly half-way between Scotland and Iceland. Data to 1995

spacer  Tiree, Inner Hebrides Islands, Scotland, UK. Data to 1999

spacer  Valentia Observatory & Shannon Airport, Ireland. A second chart comparing Valentia, Shannon and Roche's Point.
    Valentia lies on the southwest tip of Ireland, directly facing the North Atlantic Ocean and is the first point of contact
    in Europe for the Gulf Stream. This is a particularly valuable record as it is a clean rural record running from 1869 to
    1999 and has been under scientific supervision, in a very strategic climatic location. Shannon Airport and Roche's
    Point are used for comparison and shows a developing heat island at Shannon. Map of the area. Data to 2001

Asia (excl. Russia)

spacer Afyon & Konya, Turkey. Rural stations in western Turkey. Map.  Data to 2000

spacer  Ankara, Turkey. This graph also shows the urban `adjustment' applied by GISS. Data to 1999

spacer Bahrain & Dharan (seasonal). Plus Annual.  Dhahran is in Saudi Arabia, Bahrain is an offshore island (map). 
    Data to 2001.  For a detailed report on these stations and guest commentaries, click here

spacer  Bikaner & Jodhpur, India. This station pair is in western India, both with a century+ record. Data to 1999

spacer  Cardzou, Turkmenistan. This station is in the eastern part of Turkmenistan. Data to 1998

spacer Choshi, Japan. This station is located on the east coast of Japan, facing the Pacific Ocean, and is affected
     by the Kuro Siwo ocean current which passes near there. Data to 1995

spacer Edirne & Canakkle, north-western Turkey. Map.  Data to 2000

spacer  Gauhati & Darbhanga, India. Gauhati is in the Bramahputra River Basin, close to the Bhutan border. Darbhanga
      is in the Ganges Valley Basin, close to the Nepal border. Data to 1999  

spacer  Krasnovodsk, Turkmenistan. This station is on the eastern coast of the Caspian Sea. Data to 1998

spacer Ma'An & Irwaishe, Jordan. A rural pair. Data to 1999

spacer Macao & Guangzhou, China.  This compares the Portuguese record from Macao with the Chinese record
         from the former Canton. Data to 2001

spacer Nanning, southern China.  Annual and seasonal mean temperature.  The region where SARS began.  Data to 2003

spacer  New Delhi, India. This is a city of 8 million people.  In spite of being heavily urban, it shows no sign of warming.
     Data to 2001

spacer Osaka & Maizuru, Japan.  Contrasts a big city to a small town north of Osaka.  Data to 2001

spacer  Palmyra and Hama, Syria, on same graph for comparison. Data to 1999

spacer Peshawar & Fort Sandeman, Pakistan. Close to the Afghan border.  Data to 2000

spacer  Singapore. An over-heated city, so it doesn't really belong here, but here it is anyway. Data to 1995

spacer  Srinagar, Kashmir, (India part), A high altitude station near the Himalayas. Data to 1999

spacer Tabuk, Saudi Arabia.  Located inland in north-western Saudi Arabia.  Data to 2000

North America (excl. Arctic)

Canada

spacer  Inukjuak, Coral Harbour, Fort Chimo, Northeast Canada (warming map/model). 
       Winter temperatures to compare against winter warming predictions shown on the map. Data to 2000

spacer  Gander International Airport, Newfoundland, Canada. Data to 1999

spacer  Goose, Newfoundland, Canada. Data to 1999

spacer London, Ontario & Erie, PA.  Matched pair.  London is David Suzuki's hometown, and he claims winters there are
    now arriving later than when he was a boy growing up there.  See this discussion of the issue.  Also see temperature
    histories for both stations for November and December only, the very months at issue in his claims. Data to 2001.

spacer  Sable Island, Canada, located 200 km off the coast of Nova Scotia in the North Atlantic Ocean, and sits astride
      the Gulf Stream. It is thus a key litmus station to detect any warming. Data to 1999

U.S.A.  -  Northeast

spacer Concord, New Hampshire.  Data to 2002

spacer  Farmington, Maine, USA. Located about 100 km west of Bangor, Maine. A cooling overall. Data to 1998

spacer Gloversville & Stillwater Reservoir, rural records from upstate New York State, USA. Data to 2000

spacer  Little Falls City Reservoir, New York, USA. Data to 1996

spacer  Utica, NY, USA. This station is located 7 miles west of Utica on a rural site which has remained unchanged
      over the whole period of record. Data kindly supplied by Rich Lupia, a local meteorologist. Data to 1997

spacer Waverly, Ohio, & Huntington, West Virginia. Station pair for comparison. Data to 2001

spacer West Point & Central Park, New York, NY.  Urban and rural pair for comparison.  Data to 2001

U.S.A.  -  Southeast

spacer Eastman & Glenville, Georgia, USA.  Data to 2000

spacer Florida  Five rural stations - Arcadia, Everglades, Fernandina Beach, Inverness, and St Leo. Data to 1998

spacer  Lexington, Kentucky, USA. Data to 1995

spacer Mississippi & Alabama -(Meridian & Highland).  Data to 2003

spacer Pontotoc Experimental Station, Mississippi, USA.  Data to 2000

spacer Scottsboro & Valley Head, Alabama, USA.  Summer mean temperatures.  Data to 2000

spacer Tennessee, Three rural stations, Lewisburg, Dickson, & Crossville. Data to 1998

spacer Waynesville & Highlands, North Carolina, USA.  Data to 2000

U.S.A.  -  Mid West

spacer Clarinda, Albia & Toledo, southern Iowa.  Data to 1999

spacer Clinton, Missouri, & Bush Field, Georgia, USA. The namesakes of the recent presidents. Data to 2000

spacer Fairmont, Minnesota, USA.  Seasonal and annual temperature.  Data to 2000

spacer Hannibal, Missouri, and Quincy, Illinois.  Photo of Hannibal on the west bank of the Mississippi. Data to 2002

spacer Fort Scott, Kansas and Lamar, Missouri.  Data to 2000

spacer Southern Iowa, USA. Three rural stations, Clarinda, Albia & Toledo mutally validate each other. Data to 1999

spacer Jefferson Water Plant and Truman Dam, Missouri, USA.  A rural station pair. Data to 1999

spacer Spickard, Mount Ayr, & Conception, northern Missouri, USA.  3 stations for comparison.  A 3-station average graph for all three.  Data to 2001

spacer St. Cloud, Minnesota, USA. Data to 1999

U.S.A.  -  Plains

spacer Albany & Dublin, Texas. Data to 2000

spacer  Dodge City, Kansas, USA, the heartland of the Old West. Also summer temperatures only. Data to 2001

spacer  Eagle Pass, Texas, USA. Data to1998

spacer Hallettsville & Danevang, Texas, USA.  Two rural stations west and southwest of Houston. Data to 2000 

spacer  Lamar, Colorado, USA. This station is in the high plains region of the mid-west. Data to 1999

spacer  Lampasas, Texas, USA. This station is `deep in the heart of Texas', about 100 miles NNW of Austin. Data to 1998

spacer  Liberty & Houston United, Texas.  Data to 2001

spacer  Newkirk, Kay County, Oklahoma, USA. Kay County has the greatest number of recorded tornadoes than any other
     county in Oklahoma, a state with the greatest number of tornadoes per unit area in the US. Data to 1999

spacer  North Platte & Medicine Bow Nebraska, USA. A pre-1935 warming, but a neutral trend since then. Data to 1999 Nebraska, USA. A pre-1935 warming, but a neutral trend since then. Data to 1999

spacer Perry & Ki

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