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Graph masters Mekko put out a slide the other day that shows the most recent work experience of every US President, divided neatly into 5 categories. It’s interesting to look at, but I couldn’t shake the feeling that it could be improved.

Specifically, it was the color that bothered me. I wondered if the hodge-podge of colors might even detract from the visualization, as it seems to have themes (blues, greens, etc…) that don’t actually signify anything. Furthermore, US politics have a well established color-code, wouldn’t that make this chart more informative?

Thankfully Mekko left the slide downloadable and editable, so it took just a few minutes and hey-presto, party affiliation is baked right in! I went with the standard Democrats in blue and Republicans in red, made Whigs a dark slate, Democratic-Republicans purple, and left the relatively speaking non-affliated Washington and Adams white and grey, respectively.

So, dear graph enthusiast: have I improved the chart, or added an unnecessary detail? Does reinforcing the political divide take away from the intended message? Are there any other enhancements that come to mind?

Back in 2014, the NCAA said that the BCS would be no more, and the College Football Playoff was born. College Football moved from two participants to four participants, a 50% jump!

However, with 128 teams in the FBS, that means the percentage of teams making the playoffs is a whopping 3.125%.

Meanwhile, the Men’s Basketball playoff is upon us, which lets in a field of 68 teams across 351 teams, for a percentage of 19%.

What about every other NCAA sport? If you were to play a different sport, what percentage of teams have a shot at the end of the season of playing for the National Title?

Information was gathered about all of the NCAA sports where championships are offered. The focus was on Division I, but some sports have a “combined” championship which spans divisions, like Skiing and Women’s Bowling. Source data was originally collected in January 2013 and updated in March 2015 where new information was available.

For Men’s sports, on average 28% of teams make it in. For Women’s sports, 21% of teams. Men’s, despite the low representation percentage in Football, get a boost from Wrestling, Fencing, and Gymnastics.

Men’s and Women’s basketball have a similar number of competing teams.  In fact, there are only two schools which offer Men’s but not Women’s, The Citadel and VMI.

• Men’s – 351 Teams, 68 Playoff Spots, 19%
• Women’s – 349 Teams, 64 Playoff Spots, 18%

Also, take a look at the difference between the Football Bowl Subdivision (1-A) and the Football Championship Division (1-AA).

• FBS – 128 teams, 4 Playoff Spots, 3%
• FCS – 126 teams, 24 Playoff Spots, 19%

One could argue that every week during the regular season in the FBS is an “elimination game” on the road to the playoffs, and there are certainly the non-playoff bowl games to consider, but I will leave that debate to the masses.

The other way to “split” this data is to look at it by the type of sport that it is. Some sports are truly team sports, like Football, Basketball, and Soccer.

There are also a few sports which are at its core individual sports, but the structure of the event brings a team element into play and the team as a whole qualifies for the event. Examples include Cross Country, Golf, and Women’s Bowling.

Other sports are based on individual qualification and the “team” component only comes into play if you as an individual have qualified for the Championships. Examples of this include Fencing, Wrestling, Swimming, and Track.  Hence, sports like these might have a higher number of teams representing them, but may only have a single athlete or two from that school that have qualified.

The bar charts give you a percentage, but the following scatter plots should help illustrate the volume of teams participating and making the playoffs.

And here’s that same chart colored by sport type:

So if you want to be playing for a national championship, Men’s FBS Football may not be the best sport to do it in. Have you considered Men’s Gymnastics?

Source information here: NCAATeamsAndPlayoffs_2015.csv

I am also happy to hear comments and corrections on information that I might have missed.

Category: ‘Game Shows’

Answer: Between ‘Jeopardy!’ and ‘Wheel of Fortune’, this program is shown first each day.

Question: What is…well, it depends on where you live.

I grew up in New Jersey, and every weeknight, ‘Jeopardy!’ started at 7:00pm and ‘Wheel of Fortune’ came on directly after at 7:30pm.  One year when I was visiting family in Virginia, and I entered a Bizarro world where ‘Wheel’ was on FIRST, and ‘Jeopardy!’ second.

Many years later, I had a thought.  What do most Americans see first?  ‘Jeopardy!’ or ‘Wheel’?

There are 210 different media markets in the United States.  From the research I’ve gathered from the ‘Jeopardy!’ and ‘Wheel’ websites, 206 of the 210 media markets have a local TV affiliate which airs the shows.  Now I will admit that the four missing markets may indeed get these shows.  Perhaps the listings on the show websites were not complete, or perhaps they receive these broadcasts from neighboring markets.  I’m not quite sure.

129 of the markets show ‘Jeopardy!’ first, and 77 of the markets show ‘Wheel’ first.  There’s also information available about the approximate number of televisions in a given media market, and to that end 74 million televisions get ‘Jeopardy!’ first, and 40 million get ‘Wheel’ first.

However, just seeing the numbers isn’t the full picture.  What does this information look like on a map?  Well, here you go.

It’s interesting to take a geographic look at markets which show ‘Wheel’ first.  There’s a concentration on the east coast, and pockets across the nation.

For the majority of the nation, when you watch these shows, they come one right after the other.  That’s not the case across the entire nation, as this next set of graphs will show.

‘Jeopardy!’ tends to get a much earlier start time overall.  A number of markets will choose to show ‘Jeopardy!’ early on in the day, especially those markets in the mid-west which tend to show ‘Jeopardy!’ before the local news, and ‘Wheel’ a few hours later right before Prime Time.  If you want to be the first in the nation to see the show, I recommend moving to the Montgomery-Selma, Alabama market.  They show new episodes at 9:30am local time.  The last market in the nation to air new episodes is the Lafayette, Louisiana market, which starts the show at 12:36 AM.  KATC-3 airs ABC Prime Time shows, Local News, Jimmy Kimmel, Nightline, Inside Edition, and then finally good ol’ ‘Jeopardy!’.

Wheel of Fortune is a much different story.  There are four time slots: 6:00, 6:30, 7:00, and 7:30.  That’s it.  No deviation.  No late nights or early mornings.

Here’s a look of the build over time, with respect to local time. You can see ‘Jeopardy!’ gradually building up through the day, and then in the ‘Power Hours’ between 6:00 and 8:00, ‘Wheel’ is shown for everyone.  And finally, our friends in the Lafayette market get to see ‘Jeopardy!’ in the late late evening.

And here’s what this looks like on a map.  The lighter the color, the earlier in the day it’s shown.  For ‘Jeopardy!’, you’ll notice that most of the early showings happen in the Central time zone.  Interestingly, most of the largest markets in the US show ‘Jeopardy!’ closer to prime time.  However, Chicago shows it at 2:30pm local time on the station WLS.

‘Wheel’, as mentioned before, is much more uniform.  Earlier 6pm to 7pm times in the Central and Mountain time zones, with Eastern and Pacific tending to air in the 7pm to 8pm hour.

Now, what happens if we take a look at time as it relates to a single time zone?  A show may air at 7:00pm in the East, but when it’s shown at 7:00pm on the west coast, it’ll be 10:00pm back east.  These graphs show the build over time with time zone shifts applied as they relate to the Eastern time zone.  So, when something is shown at 7:30pm Eastern and 6:30pm Central, they’re actually on at the same time.

Here’s that build over time, with Montgomery kicking things off at 10:30am and Lafayette shutting it down at 1:36am Eastern Tim the following morning.  ‘Wheel’ is more spread out in this case, with the final showing at 11:30pm Eastern Time in the Honolulu market.

Here’s what those time shifts look like on a map, with the gradients scaled to show later times in a darker hue.  First, ‘Jeopardy!’.

Then, ‘Wheel’.

When we look at the difference in times between shows within the same market, the majority of airings have one show directly after the other.  When that is not the case, ‘Jeopardy!’ will often be shown first, then a gap, then ‘Wheel’ later on in the day.  In fact, there is only one market in the US which shows Wheel first and then doesn’t show ‘Jeopardy!’ right after, and that’s our friends in Lafayette who show ‘Wheel’ at 6:30pm and wait until 12:36am to show ‘Jeopardy!’.

Here’s those time differences shown geographically as well.  Blue hues are ‘Jeopardy!’, and Red hues are ‘Wheel’.  Notice there are only two red hues, since ‘Wheel’ is always followed directly by ‘Jeopardy!’ in those markets, save for Lafayette.

Finally, I wondered which networks aired the shows, as in ABC, CBS, FOX, NBC, MYTV, or Independents.  The results were actually quite surprising and extremely spread out, but skewed in favor for ABC, CBS, and NBC.  Here’s a look at the number of markets plus the number of televisions within those markets for both shows.

You’ll notice that in terms of number of markets, it’s fairly even between ABC, CBS, and NBC.  However, ABC affiliates have coverage in the top four markets (New York, Los Angeles, Chicago, and Philadelphia) and six of the top eight, which skews the number of TVs highly in their favor.

Fun Fact: In 23 of the 206 markets, the two shows are actually shown on DIFFERENT networks.  Most of these cases tend to be in the Central and Mountain time zones.

Overall, I hope you enjoyed.  If you want the tl;dr version:

• ‘Jeopardy!’ is shown first in more media markets in the US
• ‘Jeopardy!’ times are more spread throughout the day
• ‘Wheel of Fortune’ has ‘Power Hours’ from 6pm to 8pm where the entire nation sees the show
• The number of ABC, CBS, and NBC affiliates is fairly even, although ABC has more of the higher-population markets

Update: May 6, 2014

Not surprisingly, I’ve gotten some of the data points wrong. Reddit user RAS310 asked me:
Just the other day I was thinking about which affiliate airs the shows the most. Do you know which market is the sole one that airs Wheel at 6:30 Eastern? I thought none of them aired the show before 7.

This caused me to look back into some of my original data points. Well, it seems that the question has revealed a problem with the Wheel of Fortune website and with the KML files I used to draw the maps.

The airtime at 6:30 Eastern came back as the ROCHESTER, MN-MASON CITY, IA-AUSTIN, MN. This is wrong for two reasons.

Wheel recently changed how you can look up airtimes. Before it was a clickable map of the US, and it showed you the TV Markets and what time they aired Wheel. They went to an newer version based on ZIP code look up. I looked up a sample ZIP code for Austin, MN (55912). When you plug it into the Wheel website, KXAN-TV, a station in Austin, TX showed up. I didn’t realize I was looking at a Texas station, so I picked up the wrong airtime.

That didn’t explain the time zone shift though, as TX and MN are both Central time. It also looks like there’s a mix-up in the KML file of the TV Markets I obtained that switched the labels for Rochester, MN and Rochester, NY. I did time-zone shifts based on the codes for those, so Rochester, MN is EST for the color shifts, and Rochester, NY is CST for their color shifts.

So, a number of errors on my part in gathering the data.

Happy to hear any additional thoughts in the comments.

This winner of this month’s award for “Unexpected Achievement in the World of Graphs” is Sean Taylor of the Facebook Data Science Team. Rather than describe what has been done, I’ll just leave a link here and say it’s Super Bowl related. It’s better explained by Sean anyway.

My, that's a lot of data.

We here at GraphGraph appreciate a good graph, but what is getting our spreadsheets all in a pivot right now is dreaming of the amount of data that the good folks* at Facebook have at their disposal.

I have one problem with their presentation, and that would be the use of grey as a color. I understand that with 32 teams, there are only so many color options, and I can’t at this moment say how I would have done it differently. Nevertheless, to my eye, grey always looks like it represents “neutral” or “no data available,” not “Patriots or Colts or maybe even Cowboys.” Oh well.

There is a series of maps that shows the support for each remaining team as this year’s postseason progressed. I immediately wished there was an animated version, so I created a gif for your internetting consumption. Enjoy.

I’d like to see this map redone with the map weighted by population, like they do around election time. I also wouldn’t mind seeing this for other sports, like baseball and basketball and curling. Finally, I would be remiss not to mention two things:

1) Sean, Corey, and I all share the same alma mater.
2) Go Ravens.

*I sincerely hope that they are good, given all of the embarrassing pictures they have of young graph enthusiasts.